Urbanisation, mobilité et transport urbain dans le groupement de Constantine.

Abstract

The Grouping of Constantine is a territory in which great urban changes took place under the impulse of thousand-year-old Constantine city. This importance is inherited since centuries and it remains until our days, in spite of the appearance - around of it of so important cities of which Elkhroub, the new city Ali Mendjeli, Ain Smara, Hamma Bouziane and Didouche Mourad. The availability of the satellite images Landsat with a large temporal cover, enabled us to use this tool to quantify, analyze and see the tendencies of the evolution of the urban task of this surface. If the factors which govern the growth of urban spaces and their macroformes are multiple, in our case the axes of transport are the most important vector. Habitats planned and not planned are dependent on the road axes in particular trunk roads. This interaction between urban system and system of transport is not recent, because the new urban forms in particular urban spreading out are due primarily to the evolution of transport of all the types: the car, rails, collective grid systems… etc The system of transport of the Grouping of Constantine knows to him also strong changes and new landscapes in particular after the construction of the East-West motorway, the tram and the cable car. This affected great the practices of mobility and the modal split, where one sees a prevalence of the use of the private car and a strong vehicle ownership of the households of the city news Ali Mendjeli compared to Constantine. In spite of these innovations, the urban transport still presents several insufficiencies revealed by the surveyed people. These conditions limit their use of public transport in particular and create a marginalization of certain territories.